Here at New Canaan Pediatrics, Dr. Flynn knows that there are lots of funny names for flowers; pig’s squeak, lamb’s ear and donkey tail spurge are just a few. Your New Canaan Pediatrics providers know that funny names exist for illness too, such as “slapped cheek” rash, an absolutely accurate descriptor. Also called Fifth Disease, a child who is experiencing this viral infection will have bright red cheeks, like someone has slapped them on both sides of the face.
Fifth Disease is named so because it was fifth in a list of historical classifications of common skin rash illnesses in children. It is caused by parvovirus B19. The virus is contagious before the rash appears, usually passed through sneezing and coughing, and is most common in children ages 5-15. Your child will start experiencing symptoms within two weeks of infection.
The most common first symptom is that red rash on the face. Your child may also get a second rash on their chest, back, buttocks, arms, and legs. Other symptoms of Fifth Disease are usually mild and may include:
- Low fever
- Stuffed or runny nose
- Headache
The rash can vary in intensity and usually resolves itself within seven to 10 days, but it can come and go for several weeks before resolving completely. As the rash starts to fade, it may look lacy.
Your New Canaan Pediatrics healthcare provider can often diagnose Fifth Disease just by seeing the rash on your child’s face.
Fifth Disease is usually mild and uneventful for children who are otherwise healthy. Your New Canaan Pediatrics provider will likely recommend rest and encourage drinking fluids to ease symptoms. Antibiotics will not treat Fifth Disease as it is viral and not caused by bacteria, but acetaminophen (Tylenol) may be recommended to ease fever or pain from the rash.
When Fifth Disease is prevalent in your child’s school or daycare and a pregnant person is in your household, they should contact their obstetrician or healthcare provider as soon as possible.
If your child has a weakened immune system, sickle cell disease or hemolytic anemia, complications of Fifth Disease can occur. In extremely rare cases, parvovirus B19 infection may cause serious health complications, such as acute anemia that requires medical treatment.
Preventing Fifth Disease is extremely difficult, as the virus circulates well before symptoms appear. Washing hands thoroughly and often can help, as it does with preventing many other illnesses. There is no vaccine for Fifth Disease, but once your child contracts it, they build a life-long immunity and won’t contract it again.
If you suspect your child has Fifth Disease, message us through your patient portal. We may recommend an over-the-counter pain reliever or cream to relieve itching and other symptoms.
Whenever you have questions about your child’s health, New Canaan Pediatrics is here to help!